This work seeks to improve existing meteorological, air quality and smoke forecasting systems by infusing them with NASA Earth System Science results. The projects proposed for satellite data enhancement are the MM5 numerical weather forecast system, the Air Indicator Report for Public Awareness and Community...

We propose a 3-year project enabling the use of NASA Earth-Sun System results in an existing air quality forecast decision support system (AQF-DSS). We will improve operational ozone and haze forecasts by assimilating retrieved tropospheric-NO2 from AURA/OMI and (recently upgraded) aerosol optical depth (AOD) from...

The core mission of the U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) is the protection of life and property and, thereby, the enhancement of the national economy. A major element of this mission is water-related disaster forecasting. The NWS carries out its mission through its national centers...

Conflicts in marginal regions of the Horn of Africa are attributable to competition among pastoral communities for limited resources. The US national interest in the Horn of Africa emanates from the deep commitment of the US to maintain law and order in the region where...

Consistent, accurate and detailed information on water consumption by agricultural crops has been a long standing critical need in river and water resources management. Quantification of consumptive use (evapotranspiration-ET) is increasingly important as water resources are placed under growing tension by increased users and interests...

An Integrated System Solution (ISS) for improved Atmospheric Transport and Diffusion (ATD) modeling of potential biochemical and nuclear hazards is proposed in support of the United States lead Federal agency for incidents of national significance. The Department of Homeland Security's Interagency Modeling and Atmospheric Assessment...

The USGS Fort Collins Science Center has established both the expertise to create state-of-the-art near-term climate-based habitat models and the infrastructure to connect these urgent modeling results on species of greatest concern to land managers. Meanwhile: - NASA continues to make improvements and enhancements to...

Salmon, the quintessential species representing healthy Pacific ecosystems, fluctuate on interannual to multi-decadal time scales, but understanding their population fluctuations is complicated by the fact that salmon spawn in rivers, yet spend much of their life in the open ocean. Salmon management traditionally has focused...

Successful ecological forecasting of fishery yields in the face of climate variability has eluded resource managers for decades. However, recent advances in observing systems, computational power and understanding of ecosystem function offer credible evidence that the variability of the ocean ecosystem and its impact on...

Earth is a unique, living planet due to the abundance and vigorous cycling of water throughout the global environment. Water is essential to life and directly impacts and constrains society's welfare, progress, and sustainable growth, and is continuously being transformed by climate change, erosion, pollution...